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Cyanobacteria are among the earliest life forms on earth. It is thought that other microbial producers of natural products have acquired their respective genes from cyanobacteria by horizontal gene transfer. Thus the potential for discovering new compounds from this source is enormous. The relative disregard in the past of cyanobacteria compared to other microbial sources of natural products, as well as the huge diversity and biological activities of their products make them an attractive source for the pharmaceutical industry.
Selected cyanobacterial compounds and their respective activities.
Compound
Strain
Biological activity
Lyngbyatoxin
Lyngbya sp.
Proteinase C activator
Anatoxin
Anabaena sp.
Nicotinergic agonist
Dolastatin
Symploca sp.
Anticancer
Aeruginosin
Microcystis aeruginosa
Thrombin- and trypsin inhibitor
Cryptophycin
Nostoc sp.
Tumor suppressor
Antillatoxin
Lyngbya majuscula
Ichthyotoxic
Microginin
Microcystis aeruginosa
ACE-inhibitor
Microcoline
Lyngbya majuscula
Immunsuppressive
Microcystine/Nodularine
Microcystis
/Nodularia
Protein-phosphatase-1/2A inhibitor
Anabaenopeptine
Anabaena flos-aquae
Protease inhibitor
Nostocyclamide
Nostoc sp.
Antialgal, anticyanobacterial
Westiellamide
Westiellopsis prolifica
moderately cytotoxic
Oscillamide
Oscillatoria agardhii
Chymotrypsin inhibitor
Micropeptin 90
Microcystis aeruginosa
Plasmin/trypsin inhibitor
Nostocyclin
Nostoc sp.
Protein-phosphatase-1 inhibitor
Microcystilid A
Microcystis aeruginosa
promotes cell-differentiation
Cyanopeptoline
Microcystis
sp.
Antimicrobial, peptidase inhibitor
Micropeptine A, B
Microcystis aeruginosa
Plasmin/trypsin inhibitor
Oscillapeptin
Oscillatoria agardhii
Elastase/chymotrypsin inhibitor
A90720A
Microchaete loktakensis
Serine protease inhibitor
Aeruginopeptine
Microcystis aeruginosa
Chymotrypsin inhibitor
Calophycin
Calothrix fusca
Antifungal
Puwainaphycine
Anabaena sp.
Cardioactive
Laxaphycine
Anabaena laxa
Antifungal
Schizotrin
Schizothrix sp.
Antimicrobial
Microviridine
Microcystis aeruginosa
Elastase inhibitor
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